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Nation Building Turn of the Century, Lead your nation in the year 1900!

Name of Country: Austro-Hungarian Empire


Government Type: Parliamentary Monarchy


Military Size (You can be as specific as you want or general, just at least a number of how many soldiers, aircraft, vehicles, and ships):





Note: This is an estimate, was not able to find exact numbers as of the RP´s current date, I grabbed the 1914 numbers and halfed them.


Army:


18,000 Officers


207,000 NCOs and troops


43,500 horses (estimate)


600 artillery pieces


Navy:


Coastal Defense ships:


SMS Budapest


SMS Monarch


Battleships:


SMS Habsburg


Armored Cruisers:


SMS Kaiserin und Konigin Maria Theresa


SMS Kaiser Karl VI


Torpedo Ram Cruisers:


SMS Panther


SMS Leopard


SMS Tiger


Protected Cruisers:


SMS Kaiser Franz Joseph I


SMS Kaiserin Elisabeth


Destroyers and Torpedo Boats:


SMS Boa


River Monitors:


SMS Leita


SMS Koros


Population: 42,800,000 (estimate from the 52.8 million in 1914)


Capital: Vienna (main capital) and Budapest


Nation Information (Doesn't need to be more than a paragraph, just to know the roots of your country):





From the previous Austrian Empire, it is a great and proud nation with respect for its monarchy.
 
sargeantgamer said:
Name of Country: Austro-Hungarian Empire
Government Type: Parliamentary Monarchy


Military Size (You can be as specific as you want or general, just at least a number of how many soldiers, aircraft, vehicles, and ships):





Note: This is an estimate, was not able to find exact numbers as of the RP´s current date, I grabbed the 1914 numbers and halfed them.


Army:


18,000 Officers


207,000 NCOs and troops


43,500 horses (estimate)


600 artillery pieces


Navy:


Coastal Defense ships:


SMS Budapest


SMS Monarch


Battleships:


SMS Habsburg


Armored Cruisers:


SMS Kaiserin und Konigin Maria Theresa


SMS Kaiser Karl VI


Torpedo Ram Cruisers:


SMS Panther


SMS Leopard


SMS Tiger


Protected Cruisers:


SMS Kaiser Franz Joseph I


SMS Kaiserin Elisabeth


Destroyers and Torpedo Boats:


SMS Boa


River Monitors:


SMS Leita


SMS Koros


Population: 42,800,000 (estimate from the 52.8 million in 1914)


Capital: Vienna (main capital) and Budapest


Nation Information (Doesn't need to be more than a paragraph, just to know the roots of your country):





From the previous Austrian Empire, it is a great and proud nation with respect for its monarchy.
Click to expand...
Accepted, good job starship, you earned yourself a golden star sticker.
 
Name of Country: MURICA


Government Type: Democratic Republic


Military Size (You can be as specific as you want or general, just at least a number of how many soldiers, aircraft, vehicles, and ships): Seven hundred thousand soldiers


Population:76,212,168


Capital: Washington DC
 
Skywalkr2003 said:
Name of Country: MURICA
Government Type: Democratic Republic


Military Size (You can be as specific as you want or general, just at least a number of how many soldiers, aircraft, vehicles, and ships): Seven hundred thousand soldiers


Population:76,212,168


Capital: Washington DC
Click to expand...
Bill, you and I know this is unacceptable. Until this is fixed, the United States is till up for grabs
 
@AdmiralKerkov.


Name of Country: The Republic of the United States of Brazil.


Government Type: Republic.


Military Size:


Army.


20,000 soldiers, wearing uniforms not that much unlike the United State's at the time. Armed with Mannlicher 1901 model pistols, and (I have no idea what the actual rifle is, and I searched high and low, so...) Mondragon Rifles.


Navy.


Three small battleships, three armored cruisers, six destroyers, twelve torpedo boats, three submarines, and two river monitors.


Population: 17,000,000.


Capital: Rio de Janeiro.


Nation Information:


Settled by the Portuguese and the slaves bought to work on the nation's early sugarcane industry. Later, conflicts with Old World powers brought the relationship between colony and homeland to a breaking point, the Portuguese seeming to only be interested in defending the gold deposits of the country. Soon, a revolution occurred, and Brazil became free from their masters and recognized as a legitimate nation. This, however, led to much unrest and instability until the military coup of 1889.


(May I be informed on some of the little things somebody new would likely not understand on how to run their new country?)
 
Pat said:
@AdmiralKerkov.

Name of Country: The Republic of the United States of Brazil.


Government Type: Republic.


Military Size:


Army.


20,000 soldiers, wearing uniforms not that much unlike the United State's at the time. Armed with Mannlicher 1901 model pistols, and (I have no idea what the actual rifle is, and I searched high and low, so...) Mondragon Rifles.


Navy.


Three small battleships, three armored cruisers, six destroyers, twelve torpedo boats, three submarines, and two river monitors.


Population: 17,000,000.


Capital: Rio de Janeiro.


Nation Information:


Settled by the Portuguese and the slaves bought to work on the nation's early sugarcane industry. Later, conflicts with Old World powers brought the relationship between colony and homeland to a breaking point, the Portuguese seeming to only be interested in defending the gold deposits of the country. Soon, a revolution occurred, and Brazil became free from their masters and recognized as a legitimate nation. This, however, led to much unrest and instability until the military coup of 1889.


(May I be informed on some of the little things somebody new would likely not understand on how to run their new country?)
Click to expand...
Extremely accepted. and yes


If you have any questions or want some tips on how to do this sort of thing just PM me.
 
Name of Country:


United States Of america.


Government Type:


democratic.


Military Size (You can be as specific as you want or general, just at least a number of how many soldiers, aircraft, vehicles, and ships):


Soldiers: 275,000 men. navy: 200 ships. [As far as i know of.]


Population: determined the resident population of the United States to be 76,212,168, an increase of 21.0 percent over the 62,979,766 persons enumerated during the 1890 Census.


Capital:


Washington DC.


Nation Information (Doesn't need to be more than a paragraph, just to know the roots of your country)

The date of the start of the history of the United States is a subject of debate among historians. Older textbooks start with the arrival of Christopher Columbus in August 3 1492 and emphasize the European background, or they start around 1600 and emphasize the American frontier. In recent decades American schools and universities typically have shifted back in time to include more on the colonial period and much more on the prehistory of the Native peoples.[1][2]


Indigenous people lived in what is now the United States for thousands of years before European colonists began to arrive, mostly from England, after 1600. The Spanish had small settlements in Florida and the Southwest, and the French along the Mississippi River and the Gulf Coast. By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained two and a half million people along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachian Mountains. In the 1760s, the British government imposed a series of new taxes while rejecting the American argument that any new taxes had to be approved by the people (see Stamp Act 1765). Tax resistance, especially the Boston Tea Party (1774), led to punitive laws (the Intolerable Acts) by Parliament designed to end self-government in Massachusetts. American Patriots (as they called themselves) adhered to a political ideology calledrepublicanism that emphasized civic duty, virtue, and opposition to corruption, fancy luxuries and aristocracy.


All thirteen colonies united in a Congress that called on them to write new state constitutions. After armed conflict began in Massachusetts, Patriots drove the royal officials out of every colony and assembled in mass meetings and conventions. Those Patriot governments in the colonies unanimously empowered their delegates to Congress to declare independence. In 1776, Congress declared that there was a new, independent nation, the United States of America, not just a collection of disparate colonies. With large-scale military and financial support from France and military leadership by General George Washington, the American Patriots rebelled against British rule and succeeded in theRevolutionary War.


The peace treaty of 1783 gave the new nation the land east of the Mississippi River (except Florida and Canada, and Spain disputed theMississippi Territory until 1795) and confirmed Great Britain's recognition of the United States as a nation. The central government established by the Articles of Confederation proved ineffectual at providing stability, as it had no authority to collect taxes and had no executive officer. Congress called a convention to meet secretly in Philadelphia in 1787 to revise the Articles of Confederation. It wrote a new Constitution, which was adopted in 1789. In 1791, a Bill of Rights was added to guarantee inalienable rights. With Washington as the Union's first president and Alexander Hamilton his chief political and financial adviser, a strong central government was created. When Thomas Jefferson became president he purchased the Louisiana Territory from France, doubling the size of the United States. A second and final war with Britain was fought in 1812.


Encouraged by the notion of Manifest Destiny, federal territory expanded all the way to the Pacific. The U.S. always was large in terms of area, but its population was small, only 4 million in 1790. Population growth was rapid, reaching 7.2 million in 1810, 32 million in 1860, 76 million in 1900, 132 million in 1940, and 321 million in 2015. Economic growth in terms of overall GDP was even faster. However the nation's military strength was quite limited in peacetime before 1940. The expansion was driven by a quest for inexpensive land for yeoman farmers and slave owners. The expansion of slavery was increasingly controversial and fueled political and constitutional battles, which were resolved by compromises. Slavery was abolished in all states northof the Mason–Dixon line by 1804, but the South continued to profit off the institution, producing high-value cotton exports to feed increasing high demand in Europe. The 1860 presidential election of Republican Abraham Lincoln was on a platform of ending the expansion of slavery and putting it on a path to extinction.


Seven cotton-based deep South slave states seceded and later founded the Confederacy months before Lincoln's inauguration. No nation ever recognized the Confederacy, but it opened the war by attacking Fort Sumter in 1861. A surge of nationalist outrage in the North fueled a long, intense American Civil War (1861-1865). It was fought largely in the South as the overwhelming material and manpower advantages of the North proved decisive in a long war. The war's result was restoration of the Union, the impoverishment of the South, and the abolition of slavery. In the Reconstruction era (1863–1877), legal and voting rights were extended to the freed slave. The national government emerged much stronger, and because of the Fourteenth Amendment, it gained the explicit duty to protect individual rights. However, when white Democrats regained their power in the South during the 1870s, often by paramilitary suppression of voting, they passed Jim Crow laws to maintain white supremacy, and new disfranchising constitutions that prevented most African Americans and many poor whites from voting, a situation that continued for decades until gains of the civil rights movement in the 1960s and passage of federal legislation to enforce constitutional rights.[3]


The United States became the world's leading industrial power at the turn of the 20th century due to an outburst of entrepreneurship in the Northeast and Midwest and the arrival of millions of immigrant workers and farmers from Europe. The national railroad network was completed with the work of Chinese immigrants and large-scale mining and factories industrialized the Northeast and Midwest. Mass dissatisfaction with corruption, inefficiency and traditional politics stimulated the Progressive movement, from the 1890s to 1920s, which led to many social and political reforms. In 1920, the 19th Amendment to the Constitution guaranteed women's suffrage (right to vote). This followed the 16th and 17th amendments in 1913, which established the first national income tax and direct election of US senators to Congress. Initially neutral during World War I, the US declared war on Germany in 1917 and later funded the Allied victory the following year.


After a prosperous decade in the 1920s, the Wall Street Crash of 1929 marked the onset of the decade-long world-wide Great Depression. Democratic President Franklin D. Roosevelt ended the Republican dominance of the White House and implemented his New Deal programs for relief, recovery, and reform. The New Deal, which defined modern American liberalism, included relief for the unemployed, support for farmers, Social Security and a minimum wage. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the United States later entered World War II along with Britain, the Soviet Union, China, and the smaller Allies. The U.S. financed the Allied war effort and helped defeat Nazi Germany in Europe and defeated Imperial Japan in thePacific War. However, the American use of newly invented atomic bombs on Japanese cities remains controversial in the present day.


The United States and the Soviet Union emerged as rival superpowers after World War II. During the Cold War, the US and the USSR confronted each other indirectly in the arms race, theSpace Race, proxy wars, and propaganda campaigns. US foreign policy during the Cold War was built around the support of Western Europe and Japan along with the policy of "containment" or stopping the spread of communism. The US joined the wars in Korea and Vietnam to try to stop its spread. In the 1960s, in large part due to the strength of the civil rights movement, another wave of social reforms were enacted by enforcing the constitutional rights of voting and freedom of movement to African-Americans and other racial minorities. Native American activism also rose. The Cold War ended when the Soviet Union officially dissolved in 1991, leaving the United States as the world's only superpower. As the 21st century began, international conflict centered around the Middle East following the September 11 attacks by Al-Qaeda on the United States in 2001. In 2008, the United States had its worst economic crisis since the Great Depression, which has been followed by slower than usual rates of economic growth during the 2010s.


Contents


[hide]



[*]2Colonial period



[*]318th century



[*]4American Revolution


[*]5Early years of the republic



[*]619th century



[*]720th century



[*]7.8Close of the 20th century




[*]821st century



[*]9See also


[*]10References


[*]11Textbooks


[*]12Further reading



[*]13External links



Pre-Columbian era[edit]


Main articles: Prehistory of the United States, History of Native Americans in the United States and Pre-Columbian era


See also: Native Americans in the United States


It is not definitively known how or when the Native Americans first settled the Americas and the present-day United States. The prevailing theory proposes that people migrated from Eurasiaacross Beringia, a land bridge that connected Siberia to present-day Alaska during the Ice Age, and then spread southward throughout the Americas and possibly going as far south as theAntarctic peninsula. This migration may have begun as early as 30,000 years ago[4] and continued through to about 10,000+ years ago, when the land bridge became submerged by the rising sea level caused by the ending of the last glacial period.[5] These early inhabitants, called Paleoamericans, soon diversified into many hundreds of culturally distinct nations and tribes.


The pre-Columbian era incorporates all period subdivisions in the history and prehistory of the Americas before the appearance of significant European influences on the Americancontinents, spanning the time of the original settlement in the Upper Paleolithic period to European colonization during the Early Modern period. While technically referring to the era beforeChristopher Columbus' voyages of 1492 to 1504, in practice the term usually includes the history of American indigenous cultures until they were conquered or significantly influenced by Europeans, even if this happened decades or even centuries after Columbus' initial landing.


Native development prior to European contact[edit]


Native American cultures are not normally included in characterizations of advanced stone age cultures as "Neolithic," which is a category that more often includes only the cultures in Eurasia, Africa, and other regions. The archaeological periods used are the classifications of archaeological periods and cultures established in Gordon Willey and Philip Phillips' 1958 book Method and Theory in American Archaeology. They divided the archaeological record in the Americas into five phases;[6] see Archaeology of the Americas.


The Clovis culture, a megafauna hunting culture, is primarily identified by use of fluted spear points. Artifacts from this culture were first excavated in 1932 near Clovis, New Mexico. The Clovis culture ranged over much of North America and also appeared in South America. The culture is identified by the distinctive Clovis point, a flaked flint spear-point with a notched flute, by which it was inserted into a shaft. Dating of Clovis materials has been by association with animal bones and by the use of carbon dating methods. Recent reexaminations of Clovis materials using improved carbon-dating methods produced results of 11,050 and 10,800 radiocarbon years B.P. (roughly 9100 to 8850 BCE).


Numerous Paleoindian cultures occupied North America, with some arrayed around the Great Plains and Great Lakes of the modern United States of America and Canada, as well as adjacent areas to the West and Southwest. According to the oral histories of many of the indigenous peoples of the Americas, they have been living on this continent since their genesis, described by a wide range of traditional creation stories. Other tribes have stories that recount migrations across long tracts of land and a great river, believed to be the Mississippi River.[7] Genetic and linguistic data connect the indigenous people of this continent with ancient northeast Asians. Archeological and linguistic data has enabled scholars to discover some of the migrations within the Americas.





A Folsom point for a spear.


The Folsom Tradition was characterized by use of Folsom points as projectile tips, and activities known from kill sites, where slaughter and butchering of bison took place. Folsom tools were left behind between 9000 BCE and 8000 BCE.[8]





The Cultural areas of pre-Columbian North America, according to Alfred Kroeber.


Na-Dené-speaking peoples entered North America starting around 8000 BCE, reaching the Pacific Northwest by 5000 BCE,[9] and from there migrating along thePacific Coast and into the interior. Linguists, anthropologists and archeologists believe their ancestors comprised a separate migration into North America, later than the first Paleo-Indians. They migrated into Alaska and northern Canada, south along the Pacific Coast, into the interior of Canada, and south to the Great Plains and the American Southwest.


They were the earliest ancestors of the Athabascan- speaking peoples, including the present-day and historical Navajo and Apache. They constructed large multi-family dwellings in their villages, which were used seasonally. People did not live there year round, but for the summer to hunt and fish, and to gather food supplies for the winter.[10] The Oshara Tradition people lived from 5500 BCE to 600 CE. They were part of the Southwestern Archaic Tradition centered in north-central New Mexico, the San Juan Basin, the Rio Grande Valley, southern Colorado, and southeastern Utah.


Since the 1990s, archeologists have explored and dated eleven Middle Archaic sites in present-day Louisiana and Florida at which early cultures built complexes with multiple earthwork mounds; they were societies of hunter-gatherers rather than the settled agriculturalists believed necessary according to the theory of Neolithic Revolution to sustain such large villages over long periods. The prime example is Watson Brake in northern Louisiana, whose 11-mound complex is dated to 3500 BCE, making it the oldest, dated site in the Americas for such complex construction. It is nearly 2,000 years older than the Poverty Point site. Construction of the mounds went on for 500 years until was abandoned about 2800 BCE, probably due to changing environmental conditions.[11]


Poverty Point culture is a Late Archaic archaeological culture that inhabited the area of the lower Mississippi Valley and surrounding Gulf Coast. The culture thrived from 2200 BCE to 700 BCE, during the Late Archaic period.[12] Evidence of this culture has been found at more than 100 sites, from the major complex at Poverty Point, Louisiana (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) across a 100-mile (160 km) range to the Jaketown Site near Belzoni, Mississippi.





Totem poles in Wrangell, Alaska.


Poverty Point is a 1 square mile (2.6 km2) complex of six major earthwork concentric rings, with additional platform mounds at the site. Artifacts show the people traded with other Native Americans located from Georgia to the Great Lakes region. This is one among numerous mound sites of complex indigenous cultures throughout the Mississippi and Ohio valleys. They were one of several succeeding cultures often referred to as mound builders.


The Woodland period of North American pre-Columbian cultures refers to the time period from roughly 1000 BCE to 1,000 CE in the eastern part of North America. The term "Woodland" was coined in the 1930s and refers to prehistoric sites dated between theArchaic period and the Mississippian cultures. The Hopewell tradition is the term for the common aspects of the Native American culture that flourished along rivers in the northeastern and midwestern United States from 200 BCE to 500 CE.[13]


The indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast were of many nations and tribal affiliations, each with distinctive cultural and political identities, but they shared certain beliefs, traditions and practices, such as the centrality of salmon as a resource and spiritual symbol. Their gift-giving feast, potlatch, is a highly complex event where people gather in order to commemorate a special events. These events, such as, the raising of a Totem pole or the appointment or election of a new chief. The most famous artistic feature of the culture is the Totem pole, with carvings of animals and other characters to commemorate cultural beliefs, legends, and notable events.


The Hopewell tradition was not a single culture or society, but a widely dispersed set of related populations, who were connected by a common network of trade routes,[14] known as the Hopewell Exchange System. At its greatest extent, the Hopewell exchange system ran from the Southeastern United Statesinto the southeastern Canadian shores of Lake Ontario. Within this area, societies participated in a high degree of exchange; most activity was conducted along the waterways that served as their major transportation routes. The Hopewell exchange system traded materials from all over the United States.


Major Cultures[edit]





Grave Creek Mound, located inMoundsville, West Virginia, is one of the largest conical mounds in theUnited States. It was built by theAdena culture.

  • Adena culture: The Adena culture was a Native American culture that existed from 1000 BC to 200 BC, in a time known as the Early Woodland period. The Adena culture refers to what were probably a number of related Native American societies sharing a burial complex and ceremonial system.





A map showing the extent of the Coles Creek cultural period and some important sites.






The Great House at the Casa Grande Ruins National Monument.

  • Hohokam culture: The Hohokam was a culture centered along American Southwest.[15] The early Hohokam founded a series of small villages along the middle Gila River. They raised corn, squash and beans. The communities were located near good arable land, with dry farming common in the earlier years of this period.[15] They were known for their pottery, using the paddle-and-anvil technique. The Classical period of the culture saw the rise in architecture and ceramics. Buildings were grouped into walled compounds, as well as earthen platform mounds. Platform mounds were built along river as well as irrigation canal systems, suggesting these sites were administrative centers allocating water and coordinating canal labor. Polychrome pottery appeared, and inhumation burial replaced cremation. Trade included that of shells and other exotics. Social and climatic factors led to a decline and abandonment of the area after 1400 A.D.





Cliff Palace, Mesa Verde National Park.








Monks Mound of Cahokia in summer. The concrete staircase follows the approximate course of the ancient wooden stairs.

  • Mississippian culture: The Mississippian culture which extended throughout the Ohio and Mississippi valleys and built sites throughout the Southeast, created the largest earthworks in North America north of Mexico, most notably at Cahokia, on a tributary of the Mississippi River in present-day Illinois.
    The ten-story Monks Mound at Cahokia has a larger circumference than the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan or the Great Pyramid of Egypt. The 6 square miles (16 km2) city complex was based on the culture's cosmology; it included more than 100 mounds, positioned to support their sophisticated knowledge of astronomy, and built with knowledge of varying soil types. The society began building at this site about 950 CE, and reached its peak population in 1,250 CE of 20,000–30,000 people, which was not equalled by any city in the present-day United States until after 1800.
  • Cahokia was a major regional chiefdom, with trade and tributary chiefdoms located in a range of areas from bordering the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico.
  • The Mississippian culture developed the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex, the name which archeologists have given to the regional stylistic similarity of artifacts, iconography, ceremonies and mythology. The rise of the complex culture was based on the people's adoption of maizeagriculture, development of greater population densities, and chiefdom-level complex social organization from 1200 CE to 1650 CE.[17][18]
  • The Mississippian pottery are some of the finest and most widely spread ceramics north of Mexico. Cahokian pottery was espically fine, with smooth surfaces, very thin walls, and distinctive tempering, slips, and coloring.[19]


[*]Iroquois Culture: The Iroquois League of Nations or "People of the Long House", based in present-day upstate and western New York, had aconfederacy model from the mid-15th century. It has been suggested that their culture contributed to political thinking during the development of the later United States government. Their system of affiliation was a kind of federation, different from the strong, centralized European monarchies.[20][21][22]



Colonial period[edit]





The Spanish conquistadorCoronado explored parts of theAmerican Southwest from 1540 to 1542.


Main article: Colonial history of the United States


After a period of exploration sponsored by major European nations, the first successful English settlement was established in 1607. Europeans brought horses, cattle, and hogs to the Americas and, in turn, took back to Europe maize, turkeys, potatoes, tobacco, beans, and squash. Many explorers and early settlers died after being exposed to new diseases in the Americas. The effects of new Eurasian diseases carried by the colonists, especially smallpox and measles, were much worse for the Native Americans, as they had no immunity to them. They suffered epidemics and died in very large numbers, usually before large-scale European settlement began. Their societies were disrupted and hollowed out by the scale of deaths.[23][24]


Spanish, Dutch, and French colonization[edit]





The Spaniard Juan Ponce de León named Florida.


Main articles: Spanish colonization of the Americas, Dutch colonization of the Americas and French colonization of the Americas


Spanish explorers were the first Europeans with Christopher Columbus' second expedition, to reach Puerto Rico on November 19, 1493; others reached Florida in 1513.[25] Spanish expeditions quickly reached the Appalachian Mountains, the Mississippi River, the Grand Canyon[26] and the Great Plains. In 1540, Hernando de Soto undertook an extensive exploration of the Southeast.[27]


In 1540, Francisco Vásquez de Coronado explored from Arizona to central Kansas.[27] Small Spanish settlements eventually grew to become important cities, such as San Antonio, Texas; Albuquerque, New Mexico; Tucson, Arizona; Los Angeles, California; and San Francisco, California.[28]





European territorial claims in North America, c. 1750


France


Great Britain


Spain


New Netherland was a 17th-century Dutch colony centered on present-day New York City and the Hudson River Valley; the Dutch traded furs with the Native Americans to the north. The colony served as a barrier to expansion from New England. Despite being Calvinists and building the Reformed Church in America, the Dutch were tolerant of other religions and cultures.[29]


The colony, which was taken over by Britain in 1664, left an enduring legacy on American cultural and political life. This includes secular broad-mindedness and mercantile pragmatism in the city as well as rural traditionalism in the countryside (typified by the story of Rip Van Winkle). Notable Americans of Dutch descent include Martin Van Buren, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt and the Frelinghuysens.[29]


New France was the area colonized by France from 1534 to 1763. There were few permanent settlers outside Quebec and Acadia, but the French had far-reaching trading relationships with Native Americans throughout the Great Lakes and Midwest. French villages along the Mississippi and Illinois rivers were based in farming communities that served as a granary for Gulf Coast settlements. The French established plantations in Louisiana along with settling New Orleans, Mobile and Biloxi.


The Wabanaki Confederacy were military allies of New France through the four French and Indian Wars while the British colonies were allied with theIroquois Confederacy. During the French and Indian War – the North American theater of the Seven Years' War – New England fought successfully against French Acadia. The British removed Acadians from Acadia (Nova Scotia) and replaced them with New England Planters.[30] Eventually, some Acadians resettled in Louisiana, where they developed a distinctive rural Cajun culture that still exists. They became American citizens in 1803 with theLouisiana Purchase.[31] Other French villages along the Mississippi and Illinois rivers were absorbed when the Americans started arriving after 1770, or settlers moved west to escape them.[32] French influence and language in New Orleans, Louisiana and the Gulf Coast was more enduring; New Orleans was notable for its large population of free people of color before the Civil War.


British colonization[edit]


Further information: British colonization of the Americas





The Mayflower, which transported Pilgrims to the New World. During the first winter at Plymouth, about half of the Pilgrims died.[33]


The strip of land along the eastern seacoast was settled primarily by English colonists in the 17th century along with much smaller numbers of Dutch andSwedes. Colonial America was defined by a severe labor shortage that employed forms of unfree labor such as slavery and indentured servitude and by a British policy of benign neglect (salutary neglect). Over half of all European immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants.[34] Salutary neglect permitted the development of an American spirit distinct from that of its European founders.[35]


The first successful English colony, Jamestown, was established in 1607 on the James River in Virginia. Jamestown languished for decades until a new wave of settlers arrived in the late 17th century and established commercial agriculture based on tobacco. Between the late 1610s and the Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to their American colonies.[36] A severe instance of conflict was the 1622 Powhatan uprising in Virginia in which Native Americans killed hundreds of English settlers. The largest conflicts between Native Americans and English settlers in the 17th century were King Philip's War in New England[37] and the Yamasee War in South Carolina.[38]





The Indian massacre of Jamestown settlers in 1622. Soon the colonists in the South feared all natives as enemies.


New England was initially settled primarily by Puritans. The Pilgrims established a settlement in 1620 at Plymouth Colony, which was followed by the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630. The Middle Colonies, consisting of the present-day states of New York, New Jersey,Pennsylvania, and Delaware, were characterized by a large degree of diversity. The first attempted English settlement south of Virginia was theProvince of Carolina, with Georgia Colony – the last of the Thirteen Colonies – established in 1733.[39]


The colonies were characterized by religious diversity, with many Congregationalists in New England, German and Dutch Reformed in the Middle Colonies, Catholics in Maryland, and Scots-Irish Presbyterians on the frontier. Sephardic Jews were among early settlers in cities of New England and the South. Many immigrants arrived as religious refugees: French Huguenots settled in New York, Virginia and the Carolinas. Many royal officials and merchants were Anglicans.[40]


Religiosity expanded greatly after the First Great Awakening, a religious revival in the 1740s led by preachers such as Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield. American Evangelicals affected by the Awakening added a new emphasis on divine outpourings of the Holy Spirit and conversions that implanted within new believers an intense love for God. Revivals encapsulated those hallmarks and carried the newly created evangelicalism into the early republic, setting the stage for the Second Great Awakening beginning in the late 1790s.[41] In the early stages, evangelicals in the South such as Methodists and Baptists preached for religious freedom and abolition of slavery; they converted many slaves and recognized some as preachers.


Each of the 13 American colonies had a slightly different governmental structure. Typically, a colony was ruled by a governor appointed from London who controlled the executive administration and relied upon a locally elected legislature to vote taxes and make laws. By the 18th century, the American colonies were growing very rapidly as a result of low death rates along with ample supplies of land and food. The colonies were richer than most parts of Britain, and attracted a steady flow of immigrants, especially teenagers who arrived as indentured servants.[42]


The tobacco and rice plantations imported African slaves for labor from the British colonies in the West Indies, and by the 1770s African slaves comprised a fifth of the American population. The question of independence from Britain did not arise as long as the colonies needed British military support against the French and Spanish powers. Those threats were gone by 1765. London regarded the American colonies as existing for the benefit of the mother country. This policy is known as mercantilism.[42]
 
Last edited by a moderator:
AdmiralKerkov said:
Please post a CS here. Please post what government you wish to play as (Even if you have already reserved one, please post a CS so we can now on what statistics your nation starts on) Please use any sources you can find about your country's statistics, government, and military at the time. Remember you can change anything you want over the course of the RP, just please start your country with what it has and what it was January 1st, 1900.

Template

Name of Country:


Government Type:


Military Size (You can be as specific as you want or general, just at least a number of how many soldiers, aircraft, vehicles, and ships):


Population:


Capital:


Nation Information (Doesn't need to be more than a paragraph, just to know the roots of your country)
​
Click to expand...

Name of Country: Kingdom of Serbia and Montenegro.


Government Type: Constitutional Monarchy


Military Size:


First Serbian Army
​


  • 1 Timok Infantry Division (20,000 men)
  • 2 Timok Infantry Division (15,000 men)
  • 1 Morava Infantry Division (10,000 men)


Second Serbian Army

​


  • 1 Sumadija Infantry Division (20,000 men)
  • 1 Danub Infantry Division (20,000 men)
  • 1 Mixed Infantry Division (10,000 men)
  • 2 Morava Infantry Division (15,000 men)


Third Serbian Army

​


  • Combined Divisions (80,000 men)
  • 1 Belgrad Brigade (76,000 men)


Rifles:


Mauser-Koka


Berdan #1 and #2


Mosin-Nagant 1891


Machine Guns:


Chauchat


Maxim


Lewis


Handguns:


Gasser M1870


Nagant M1895


Ruby M1914


Artillery Pieces:


Schneider M1907 75mm Field Gun




Population: 500,000


Capital: Belgrade


Nation Information:




​


After gaining independence from the Ottoman Empire in the late 19th Century, Serbia and Montenegro quickly modernized their forces in relation to other European powers. Due to being landlocked, they have no Navy or Air Force, and their soldiers use mostly German-made weapons. They are lead by King Alexander the First, and push for close relations with Russia while being opposed to the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary.

​
 
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