Alright (sorry for the late response, I didn't know you answered my thing until now):
Pikachu, the Electric-Type Mouse Pokemon. It was first founded in the Kanto region, along with Raichu. Pichu was first founded by Professor Elm in Johto, and Alolan Raichu was first founded in Alola. It evolves from Pichu, the Electric-Type Tiny Mouse Pokemon by leveling it up with high friendship. Pikachu can either evolve into the Electric-Type Mouse Pokemon Raichu via exposure to a Thunder Stone or into the Electric/Psychic-Type Mouse Pokemon Alolan Raichu via exposure to a Thunder Stone when in Alola.
Pikachu (as well as Pichu and Raichu, Spiky-Eared Pichu, and all Cap Pikachu) have the Ability Static, which has a 30% chance to Paralyze an opponent after the opponent makes direct contact with Pikachu (and by extension, Pichu and Raichu). If a Pokemon with Static is at the front of the party, there is a 50% chance the game will force an encounter with an Electric-Type if there is one in the area. Cosplay Pikachu, a special Pikachu that is always Female in the games and has a black heart at the end of their tail, have Lightning Rod as a normal Ability. Otherwise, Pikachu, Pichu, and Raichu have Lightning Rod as a Hidden Ability.
Lightning Rod draws in all Electric-Type attacks to this Pokemon and raises Special Attack when hit by it and they don't take damage from it. Pokemon with the Abilities Propeller Tail (Arrokuda and Barraskewda) and Stalwart (Duraludon) are not affected by the Lightning Rod's draw of Electric-Type attacks, and Triple Battles prevent Lightning Rod from affecting Pokemon's attacks from further away. Pokemon with Lightning Rod will draw in Electric-Type moves affected by Electrify, Galvanize, or an Electric-Type Judgment, Hidden Power, and Natural Gift. When a Pokemon with Lightning Rod is in the semi-invulnerable turn due to Fly or is protected by a move such as Protect, the drawing aspect of the move still applies, but the attack will automatically miss (unless it's Thunder on a Pokemon using Fly or Bounce) or be blocked. If the Pokemon with this Ability is at the front of the party in Emerald, the PokeNav's Match Call function will call twice as often. In Sword and Shield, there is a 50% chance the game will force an encounter with an Electric-Type if there is one in the area.
Alolan Raichu has Surge Surfer, which doubles its Speed when Electric Terrain is active.
Pikachu is one of the most common species to get from any event, as just about any event from any season has one in the ranks. It is rather impossible not to get a Pikachu from an event, unless you don't have any way of connecting to the online world from your device.
Light Ball is a specific item meant for Pikachu, one where it doubles the Defense and Special Defense of Pikachu's stats. That's about it though. However, if a female Pikachu is holding the Light Ball when it is in the daycare with another male Pokemon of the Field or Fairy Egg Group, their offspring, a Pichu, will have Volt Tackle.
At Level 1 in most games, it knows Thunder Shock and Growl.
Pikachu is 1'04". I don't remember their weight, I believe it's around 25 lbs.
Pikachu is the starter for Pokemon Yellow and Pokemon: Let's Go, Pikachu!, as well as one of the starters for Pokemon Mystery Dungeon: Red/Blue Rescue Team and Pokemon Mystery Dungeon: Explorer's of Darkness/Time/Sky and Pokemon Mystery Dungeon: Gates to Infinity. It is also the only playable Pokemon in PokePark: Pikachu's Adventure and a main character in PokePark 2: Wonders Beyond. In PokePark: Pikachu's Adventure, Pikachu can learn how to use Iron Tail from a Primeape (somehow), Double Dash by a Ponyta, and can strengthen his Thunderbolt from an Electabuzz, get faster by said Ponyta, and get more HP from Bibarel. Some of these tutors can only be found by going to certain areas. You just have to pay them some Berries first. It is not possible to befriend them through tutoring. In PokePark 2: Wonders Beyond, Pikachu can get better Iron Tail, Thunderbolt, and basic attack training from a Raichu, get faster from Blitzle, and gain more HP from Audino. Of course, more berries are in order.
Ash and Ritchie in the anime have Pikachu, with Ritchie's Pikachu's nickname being Sparky. Several one-off characters also had Pikachu in the anime. Goh had a Pikachu that evolved into Raichu.
Pikachu has gone through weight loss in their sprites and the anime series as the generations progressed.
Pikachu can Gigantamax in Sword and Shield, and their G-Max Move is G-Max Volt Crash, which Paralyzes all opponents on the field.
Pikachu also has two different Z-Crystals specific for its species. One is Catastropika with the Pikanium-Z, where the Pikachu's Volt Tackle becomes supped up. One is 10,000,000 Volt Thunderbolt with the Pikashunium-Z by Pikachu in a Cap where their Thunderbolt becomes supped up and raises Critical Hit ratio by 2. One for Alolan Raichu (I know, it's not Pikachu but still) is Stoked Sparksurfer with Aloraichium-Z where the Alolan Raichu's Thunderbolt gets supped up and paralyzes the opponent. Speaking of which, Pikachu has used Breakneck Blitz, Corkscrew Crash, Gigavolt Havoc (Normal, Steel, and Electric Z-Moves), and 10,000,000 Volt Thunderbolt in the anime (I'm talking about specifically Ash's). Another Pikachu used Catastropika in the anime.
Pikachu was not going to be the mascot for Pokemon as a first choice. It was going to be Clefairy, but marketing gurus figured it would be better to appease both boys and girls as their target audience was more towards guys than girls, and Clefairy would have marketed it towards girls more. It also was not the first Pokemon made by the creator of Pokemon, but it was Rhydon.
It's National Pokedex Number is #025 (funnily enough, Meowth's National Pokedex Number is #052).